FROMLIST: mm: rust: add mmput_async support

Adds an MmWithUserAsync type that uses mmput_async when dropped but is
otherwise identical to MmWithUser. This has to be done using a separate
type because the thing we are changing is the destructor.

Rust Binder needs this to avoid a certain deadlock. See commit
9a9ab0d963 ("binder: fix race between mmput() and do_exit()") for
details. It's also needed in the shrinker to avoid cleaning up the mm in
the shrinker's context.

Reviewed-by: Andreas Hindborg <a.hindborg@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Lorenzo Stoakes <lorenzo.stoakes@oracle.com> (for mm bits)
Signed-off-by: Alice Ryhl <aliceryhl@google.com>

Bug: 370906207
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/all/20250115-vma-v12-5-375099ae017a@google.com/
Change-Id: Ie77da6df513990996ebbb7c5311bca9d37a4f150
Signed-off-by: Alice Ryhl <aliceryhl@google.com>

rust/kernel/mm.rs

@@ -110,6 +110,48 @@ impl Deref for MmWithUser {
     }
 }
 
+/// A wrapper for the kernel's `struct mm_struct`.
+///
+/// This type is identical to `MmWithUser` except that it uses `mmput_async` when dropping a
+/// refcount. This means that the destructor of `ARef<MmWithUserAsync>` is safe to call in atomic
+/// context.
+///
+/// # Invariants
+///
+/// Values of this type are always refcounted using `mmget`. The value of `mm_users` is non-zero.
+#[repr(transparent)]
+pub struct MmWithUserAsync {
+    mm: MmWithUser,
+}
+
+// SAFETY: It is safe to call `mmput_async` on another thread than where `mmget` was called.
+unsafe impl Send for MmWithUserAsync {}
+// SAFETY: All methods on `MmWithUserAsync` can be called in parallel from several threads.
+unsafe impl Sync for MmWithUserAsync {}
+
+// SAFETY: By the type invariants, this type is always refcounted.
+unsafe impl AlwaysRefCounted for MmWithUserAsync {
+    fn inc_ref(&self) {
+        // SAFETY: The pointer is valid since self is a reference.
+        unsafe { bindings::mmget(self.as_raw()) };
+    }
+
+    unsafe fn dec_ref(obj: NonNull<Self>) {
+        // SAFETY: The caller is giving up their refcount.
+        unsafe { bindings::mmput_async(obj.cast().as_ptr()) };
+    }
+}
+
+// Make all `MmWithUser` methods available on `MmWithUserAsync`.
+impl Deref for MmWithUserAsync {
+    type Target = MmWithUser;
+
+    #[inline]
+    fn deref(&self) -> &MmWithUser {
+        &self.mm
+    }
+}
+
 // These methods are safe to call even if `mm_users` is zero.
 impl Mm {
     /// Returns a raw pointer to the inner `mm_struct`.
@@ -161,6 +203,13 @@ impl MmWithUser {
         unsafe { &*ptr.cast() }
     }
 
+    /// Use `mmput_async` when dropping this refcount.
+    #[inline]
+    pub fn into_mmput_async(me: ARef<MmWithUser>) -> ARef<MmWithUserAsync> {
+        // SAFETY: The layouts and invariants are compatible.
+        unsafe { ARef::from_raw(ARef::into_raw(me).cast()) }
+    }
+
     /// Attempt to access a vma using the vma read lock.
     ///
     /// This is an optimistic trylock operation, so it may fail if there is contention. In that